Words you will meet
- CAD
- Software for drawing and dimensioning a part.
- CAM
- Software for planning how the cutter makes it.
- Post-processor
- The setting that writes instructions for a particular controller.
Three jobs, sometimes in one program
CAD means computer-aided design: draw the part and give it dimensions. CAM means computer-aided manufacturing: decide which tool cuts which area and in what order. Control software sends the resulting instructions to the machine. Some packages combine design and cutting preparation; others separate them.
G-code is a common instruction format, but files are not automatically interchangeable between machines. The post-processor is the software setting that writes instructions for the particular controller. Use a verified match rather than downloading someone else’s machine file.
Connect the drawing to the actual blank
Choose one unit system and measure the real thickness. Label the top face and starting point. Enter the correct bit diameter and define whether depth is measured from the top or bottom of the material. An incorrect assumption here can spoil an otherwise correct drawing.
Use simple closed shapes first. Preview pockets, outlines and text before adding detail. A line drawing does not say whether the tool belongs inside, outside or on the line; that is a cutting-plan decision.
Save files you can understand later
Keep the editable design, the cutting project and the machine export together. Include revision, material thickness and tool in the name or job notes. Recreate the export after changing a tool or design; do not assume the earlier output has updated itself.
Your practice task
Prepare a design without cutting
- Draw a rectangular plaque and one shallow rectangular pocket in supported software.
- Enter measured sample dimensions and a documented tool. Keep the outside blank unchanged.
- Preview the removed area. Check that the remaining bottom and borders match your intention.
Keep a record: Software version, units, origin choice, thickness and file revision.
A mistake worth avoiding
Running a downloaded G-code file because the finished project in the photograph looks suitable.
Check your understanding: Can you send any CNC file to any router?
No. Controller format, units, tooling, origin and machine limits must match. Prefer the editable design and generate your own verified output.
05 / Project notes
Notes for your next project
Check off the topics you have reviewed and record anything useful for your next build. This tracks your learning progress; use your equipment’s setup procedure for machine checks.
Record: Software version, units, origin choice, thickness and file revision.
No notes recorded. Use this space for your observations.
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Check each topic above to mark the lesson as reviewed. You can browse any lesson at any time.
Sources and next reading
Read the instructions for your exact model. Linked manufacturer examples explain particular systems; their settings and procedures are not universal. Sources checked October 17, 2026.